They are capable of reproduction (within a host) and adaptation, but they are not capable of homeostasis or metabolic functions. It is unknown whether viruses are actually alive. Nonliving things are not capable of growth, reproduction, response to stimuli, adaptation, or homeostasis. Living and nonliving things can be distinguished by function. Nonliving things are living things that have died or inanimate (abiotic) objects that were never alive to begin with. The world is made up of both living (biotic) and nonliving things. More complex organisms are capable of communication. Multicellular organisms are typically made up of organ systems, organs, tissues, and cells. life: A status given to any entity with the properties of reproduction and metabolism, includingĪnimals, plants, fungi, bacteria, and archaea (single-celled microorganisms).Īn organism is a living system capable of growth, reproduction,metabolism, response to stimuli, adaptation and homeostasis.Ĭells are the basic unit of life that can be found in every living organism. Organisms can be unicellular or multicellular and include plants, animals, bacteria, archaea, and fungi.organism: A contiguous living system that can metabolize, grow, respond to stimuli, reproduce, and adapt to its environment.extremophile: A microorganism that can survive in extreme environmental conditions.These include carbon, hydrogen, nitrogen, oxygen, phosphorus, and sulfur-the elemental macronutrients for all organisms-often represented by the acronym CHNOPS. All life forms require certain core chemical elements for biochemical structure and function.Extremophiles can survive exposure to such conditions for weeks, months, years, or even centuries. Organisms called extremophiles can assume forms enabling them to withstand freezing, dehydration, starvation, high levels of radiation, and other physical or chemical challenges.Migration and hibernation are two examples of these adaptations. Organisms cannot perform these functions as well or at all outside of these conditions, but some organisms have developed ways to adapt to environmental changes.
Living organisms have ranges of ecosystem conditions where they can perform all physiological functions of life.The nonliving (abiotic) components of an ecosystem include energy, oxygen, water, nutrients, and temperature.Nonliving things are either living things that have died or inanimate objects that were never alive.
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The lucid text, strategically constructed art, inspiring career features, and links to external learning tools address the critical teaching and learning challenges in the course.įormats: Online and PDF online LibreTexts version A&P is 29 chapters of pedagogically effective learning content, organized by body system, and written at an audience-appropriate level. Gordon Betts (Tyler Junior College), Peter DeSaix (University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill), and Eddie Johnson (Central Oregon Community College) (OpenStax)Īnatomy and Physiology is a dynamic textbook for the yearlong Human Anatomy and Physiology course taught at most two- and four-year colleges and universities to students majoring in nursing and allied health. 23 Nursing Anatomy and Physiology (ANP) Anatomy and Physiology∗
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